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| | uniq - report or filter out repeated lines in a file |
SYNOPSIS
| | uniq [ -c | -d | -u] [-f fields] [-s char] [ input_file [output_file] ] |
| | uniq [ -c | -d | -u] [-n] [ + m] [ input_file [output_file] ] |
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The uniq utility will read an input file comparing adjacent lines, and write one copy of each input line on the output. The second and succeeding copies of repeated adjacent input
lines will not be written.
Repeated lines in the input will not be detected if they are not adjacent.
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The following options are supported:
- -c
- Precede each output line with a count of the number of times the line occurred in the input.
- -d
- Suppress the writing of lines that are not repeated in the input.
- -f fields
- Ignore the first fields fields on each input line when doing comparisons, where fields is a positive decimal integer. A field is the maximal string matched by the basic regular expression:
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[[:blank:]]*[^[:blank:]]*
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If fields specifies more fields than appear on an input line, a null string will be used for comparison.
- -s chars
- Ignore the first chars characters when doing comparisons, where chars is a positive decimal integer. If specified in conjunction with the -f option, the first chars characters after the first fields
fields will be ignored. If chars specifies more characters than remain on an input line, a null string will be used for comparison.
- -u
- Suppress the writing of lines that are repeated in the input.
- -n
- Equivalent to -f fields with fields set to n.
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+m
- Equivalent to -s chars with chars set to m.
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The following operands are supported:
-
input_file
- A path name of the input file. If input_file is not
specified, or if the input_file is -, the standard input will be used.
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output_file
- A path name of the output file. If output_file is not specified, the standard output will be
used. The results are unspecified if the file named by output_file is the file named by input_file.
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| | Example 1. Using The uniq Command
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The following example lists the contents of the uniq.test file and outputs a copy of the repeated lines.
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example% cat uniq.test
This is a test.
This is a test.
TEST.
Computer.
TEST.
TEST.
Software.
example% uniq -d uniq.test
This is a test.
TEST.
example%
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The next example outputs just those lines that are not repeated in the uniq.test file.
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example% uniq -u uniq.test
TEST.
Computer.
Software.
example%
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The last example outputs a report with each line preceded by a count of the number of times each line occurred in the file:
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example% uniq -c uniq.test
2 This is a test.
1 TEST.
1 Computer.
2 TEST.
1 Software.
example%
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See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment
variables that affect the execution of uniq: LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES, and NLSPATH.
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The following exit values are returned:
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0
- Successful completion.
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>0
- An error occurred.
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See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following
attributes:
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
| Availability | SUNWesu |
| CSI | Enabled |
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