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| | who - who is on the system |
SYNOPSIS
| | /usr/bin/who [-abdHlmpqrstTu] [file] |
| | /usr/bin/who -q [-n x] [file] |
| | /usr/xpg4/bin/who [-abdHlmpqrtTu] [file] |
| | /usr/xpg4/bin/who -q [-n x] [file] |
| | /usr/xpg4/bin/who -s [-bdHlmpqrtu] [file] |
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The who utility can
list the user's name, terminal line, login time, elapsed time since activity
occurred on the line, and the process-ID of the command interpreter (shell)
for each current UNIX system user. It examines the /var/adm/utmpx file to obtain its information. If file
is given, that file (which must be in utmpx(4)
format) is examined. Usually, file will be /var/adm/wtmpx, which contains a history of all the logins since
the file was last created.
The general format for output is:
name [state] line time [idle] [pid] [comment]
[exit]
where:
-
name
- User's login name
-
state
- Capability of writing to the terminal
-
line
- Name of the line found in /dev
-
time
- Time since user's login
-
idle
- Time elapsed since the user's last activity
-
pid
- User's process id
-
comment
- Comment line in inittab(4)
-
exit
- Exit status for dead processes
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The following options are supported:
- -a
- Processes /var/adm/utmpx
or the named file with -b, -d, -l, -p, -r, -t, -T, and -u options turned on.
- -b
- Indicates
the time and date of the last reboot.
- -d
- Displays all
processes that have expired and not been respawned by init.
The exit field appears for dead processes and contains
the termination and exit values (as returned by wait(3UCB)), of the dead process.
This can be useful in determining why a process terminated.
- -H
- Outputs column
headings above the regular output.
- -l
- Lists only
those lines on which the system is waiting for someone to login. The name field is LOGIN
in such cases. Other fields are the same as for user entries except that
the state field does not exist.
- -m
- Outputs only
information about the current terminal.
- -n x
- Takes a numeric argument, x,
which specifies the number of users to display per line. x must be at least 1. The -n
option can only be used with -q.
- -p
- Lists any
other process that is currently active and has been previously spawned by init. The name field is the name of
the program executed by init as found in /sbin/inittab. The state, line,
and idle fields have no meaning. The comment field shows the id field of the
line from /sbin/inittab that spawned this process. See inittab(4).
- -q
- (Quick who) Displays only the names and the number of users currently
logged on. When this option is used, all other options are ignored.
- -r
- Indicates
the current run-level of the init
process.
- -s
- (Default)
Lists only the name, line,
and time fields.
/usr/bin/who
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- -T
- Same as the -s option,
except that the state idle, pid, and comment, fields are also
written. state is one of the following characters:
-
+
- The terminal allows write access to other users.
-
-
- The
terminal denies write access to other users.
-
?
- The terminal
write-access state cannot be determined.
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/usr/xpg4/bin/who
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- -T
- Same as the -s option,
except that the state field is also written. state is one of the characters listed under the /usr/bin/who version of this option. If the -u
option is used with -T, the idle time is added to the end
of the previous format.
- -t
- Indicates
the last change to the system clock (using the date utility)
by root. See su(1M)
and date(1).
- -u
- Lists only
those users who are currently logged in. The name
is the user's login name. The line is the name
of the line as found in the directory /dev. The time is the time that the user logged in. The idle column contains the number of hours and minutes since
activity last occurred on that particular line. A dot (.)
indicates that the terminal has seen activity in the last minute and is
therefore ``current.'' If more than twenty-four hours have elapsed or the
line has not been used since boot time, the entry is marked old. This field is useful when trying to determine whether a person
is working at the terminal or not. The pid is
the process-ID of the user's shell. The comment
is the comment field associated with this line as found in /sbin/inittab (see inittab(4)).
This can contain information about where the terminal is located, the telephone
number of the dataset, type of terminal if hard-wired, and so forth.
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The following operands are supported:
-
am i
-
am I
- In the "C" locale, limits the output
to describing the invoking user, equivalent to the -m option.
The am and i or I
must be separate arguments.
-
file
- Specifies a path name of a file to substitute for the database of logged-on
users that who uses by default.
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See environ(5)
for descriptions of the following environment variables that affect the
execution of who: LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES, LC_TIME, and NLSPATH.
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The following exit values are returned:
-
0
- Successful completion.
-
>0
- An error occurred.
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-
/sbin/inittab
- Script for init
-
/var/adm/utmpx
- Current user and accounting information
-
/var/adm/wtmpx
- Historic user and accounting information
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| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
| Availability | SUNWcsu |
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| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
| Availability | SUNWxcu4 |
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date(1), login(1), mesg(1), init(1M), su(1M), wait(3UCB), inittab(4), utmpx(4), attributes(5), environ(5), XPG4(5)
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Super user: After a shutdown to the single-user state, who returns a prompt; since /var/adm/utmpx is
updated at login time and there is no login in single-user state, who cannot report accurately on this state. who am i, however, returns the correct information.
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