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| SunOS/BSD Compatibility Package Commands | file(1B) |
| | file - determine the type of a file by examining its contents |
SYNOPSIS
| | /usr/ucb/file [-f ffile] [-cL] [-m mfile] filename ... |
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file performs a series of tests on each filename in an attempt to determine what it contains. If the contents of a file appear to be ASCII text, file examines the first 512 bytes and tries to guess its language.
file uses the file /etc/magic to identify files that have some sort of magic number, that is, any file containing a numeric or string
constant that indicates its type.
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- -c
- Check for format errors in the magic number file. For reasons of efficiency, this validation is
not normally carried out. No file type-checking is done under -c.
- -f ffile
- Get a list of filenames to identify from ffile.
- -L
- If a file is a symbolic link, test the file the link references rather than the link itself.
- -m mfile
- Use mfile as the name of an alternate magic number file.
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| | Example 1. Using file on all the files in a specific user's directory.
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This example illustrates the use of file on all the files in a specific user's directory:
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example% pwd
/usr/blort/misc
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example% /usr/ucb/file *
code: mc68020 demand paged executable
code.c: c program text
counts: ascii text
doc: roff,nroff, or eqn input text
empty.file: empty
libz: archive random library
memos: directory
project: symboliclink to /usr/project
script: executable shell script
titles: ascii text
s5.stuff: cpio archive
example%
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The environment variables LC_CTYPE, LANG, and LC_default control the character classification throughout file. On entry to file, these environment variables are checked in the following order: LC_CTYPE, LANG, and LC_default. When a valid value is found, remaining environment
variables for character classification are ignored. For example, a new setting for LANG does not override the current valid character classification rules of LC_CTYPE. When
none of the values is valid, the shell character classification defaults to the POSIX.1 "C" locale.
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See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following
attributes:
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
| Availability | SUNWscpu |
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file often makes mistakes. In particular, it often suggests that command files are C programs.
file does not recognize Pascal or LISP.
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