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| System Administration Commands | nstest(1M) |
SYNOPSIS
| | nstest [-d] [-i] [-r] [-v] [-p port] [ inet_addr [logfile] ] |
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nstest is an interactive DNS test program. Queries are formed and sent by user command; any reply received is printed on the standard output. inet_addr
is the Internet address of the DNS resolver to which nstest should send its queries. If inet_addr is not included, nstest first tries to
contact a DNS server on the local host; if that fails, it tries the servers listed in the /etc/resolv.conf file. If a logfile is supplied, nstest uses it to log the queries sent and replies received.
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- -d
- Causes nstest to create a file named ns_packet.dump (if
it does not exist) and write into it a raw (binary) copy of each packet sent. If ns_packet.dump does exist, nstest will truncate it.
- -i
- Sets the RES_IGNTC flag on the queries it makes. See resolver(3RESOLV) for a description of the RES_IGNTC flag.
- -r
- Turns off the RES_RECURSE flag on the queries it makes. See resolver(3RESOLV) for a description of the RES_RECURSE flag.
- -v
- Turns on the RES_USEVC and RES_STAYOPEN flags on the res_send () calls made. See resolver(3RESOLV) for a description
of the RES_USEVC and RES_STAYOPEN flags.
- -p
- Causes nstest to use the supplied port instead of the default name server port.
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When nstest starts, it prints a prompt (">") and waits for user input. DNS queries are formed by typing a key letter followed by the appropriate argument. Each key letter results in a call to res_mkquery () with op set to either IQUERY or QUERY and type set to one of the type values (defined in <arpa/nameser.h>). (Any other key letter than those listed below causes nstest to print a summary of the following table.)
| Key Letter & |
| Argument | Op | Type |
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| ahost | QUERY | T_A |
| Aaddr | IQUERY | T_A |
| Buser | QUERY | T_MG |
| buser | QUERY | T_MB |
| chost | QUERY | T_CNAME |
| fhost | QUERY | T_UINFO |
| Ggid | IQUERY | T_GID |
| ghost | QUERY | T_GID |
| hhost | QUERY | T_HINFO |
| ihost | QUERY | T_MINFO |
| Mhost | QUERY | T_MAILB |
| mhost | QUERY | T_MX |
| nhost | QUERY | T_NS |
| phost | QUERY | T_PTR |
| rhost | QUERY | T_MR |
| shost | QUERY | T_SOA |
| Thost | QUERY | T_TXT |
| Uuid | IQUERY | T_UID |
| uhost | QUERY | T_UID |
| whost | QUERY | T_WKS |
| xhost | QUERY | T_AXFR |
After the query is successfully formed, res_send () is called to send it and wait for a reply. nstest then prints the following on the standard output:
- a summary of the request and reply packets, including the HEADER structure (defined in <arpa/nameser.h>) used in the request
- the question being asked of the name server
- an enumeration of the name server(s) being polled
- a summary of the HEADER structure received in the reply
- the question the name server answered
- the answer itself
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| | Example 1. Fetching the address of host playground.sun.com from the Sun name server.
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To fetch the address of host playground.sun.com from the Sun name server, the user would enter:
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$ nstest 192.9.5.1
> aplayground.sun.com
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The utility nstest would return the following:
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res_mkquery(0, playground.sun.com, 1, 1)
res_send()
HEADER:
opcode = QUERY, id = 1, rcode = NOERROR
header flags: rd
qdcount = 1, ancount = 0, nscount = 0, arcount = 0
QUESTIONS:
playground.sun.com, type = A, class = IN
Querying server (# 1) address = 192.9.5.1
got answer:
HEADER:
opcode = QUERY, id = 1, rcode = NOERROR
header flags: qr aa rd ra
qdcount = 1, ancount = 1, nscount = 0, arcount = 0
QUESTIONS:
playground.sun.com, type = A, class = IN
ANSWERS:
playground.sun.com
type = A, class = IN, ttl = 1 day, dlen = 4
internet address = 192.9.5.5
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Example 2. Looking up a PTR record.
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To look up a PTR record, enter:
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$ nstest 192.9.5.1
> p5.5.9.192.in-addr.arpa
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The utility nstest would return the following:
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res_mkquery(0, 5.5.9.192.in-addr.arpa, 1, 12)
res_send()
HEADER:
opcode = QUERY, id = 2, rcode = NOERROR
header flags: rd
qdcount = 1, ancount = 0, nscount = 0, arcount = 0
QUESTIONS:
5.5.9.192.in-addr.arpa, type = PTR, class = IN
Querying server (# 1) address = 192.9.5.1
got answer:
HEADER:
opcode = QUERY, id = 2, rcode = NOERROR
header flags: qr aa rd ra
qdcount = 1, ancount = 1, nscount = 0, arcount = 0
QUESTIONS:
5.5.9.192.in-addr.arpa, type = PTR, class = IN
ANSWERS:
5.5.9.192.in-addr.arpa
type = PTR, class = IN, ttl = 7 hours 47 mins 2 secs, dlen = 23
domain name = playground.sun.com
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/usr/include/arpa/nameser.h
- include file for implementation of DNS protocol
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/usr/include/resolv.h
- include file for the resolver daemon (in.named)
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See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following
attributes:
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
| Availability | SUNWcsu |
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