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| System Administration Commands | patchadd(1M) |
| | patchadd - apply a patch package to a system running the Solaris operating environment |
SYNOPSIS
| | patchadd [-d] [-u] [-B backout_dir] [ -C net_install_image | -R client_root_path | -S service] patch |
| | patchadd [-d] [-u] [-B backout_dir] [ -C net_install_image | -R client_root_path | -S service] -M patch_dir | patch_id ... | patch_dir patch_list |
| | patchadd [ -C net_install_image | -R client_root_path | -S service] -p |
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patchadd applies a patch package to a system running the Solaris 2.x operating environment or later Solaris environments (such as Solaris 8) that are compatible with Solaris 2.x. This patch installation utility cannot be used to apply Solaris 1 patches. patchadd must be run as root.
There are three forms of the patchadd command.
The first form of patchadd installs one patch to a system, client, service, or the mini root of a Net Install Image.
The second form of patchadd installs more than one patch to a system, client, service, or the mini root of a Net Install Image.
The third form of patchadd displays installed patches on the client, service, or the mini root of a Net Install Image.
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The following options are supported:
- -B backout_dir
- Saves backout data to a directory other than the package database. Specify backout_dir as an absolute path name.
- -C net_install_image
- Patches the files located on the mini root on a Net Install Image created by setup_install_server. Specify net_install_image as the absolute path name
to a Solaris 2.6 or compatible version boot directory. See EXAMPLES.
- -d
- Does not back up the files to be patched. The patch cannot be removed.
- -M patch_dir patch_id ... | patch_dir patch_list
- Specifies the patches to be installed. Specify patches to the -M option in one of the following ways:
- By directory location and patch number.
To use the directory location and patch number, specify patch_dir as the absolute path name of the directory that contains spooled patches. Specify patch_id as the patch number of a given patch. Specifying multiple patch_id's
is recommended.
- By directory location and the name of a file containing a patch list.
To use the directory location and a file containing a patch list, specify patch_dir as the absolute path name of the directory containing the file with a list of patches to be installed. Specify patch_list as the name of the file containing the
patches to be installed.
- -p
- Displays a list of the patches currently applied.
- -R client_root_path
- Locates all patch files generated by patchadd under the directory client_root_path. client_root_path is the directory that contains
the bootable root of a client from the server's perspective. Specify client_root_path as the absolute path name to the beginning of the directory tree under which all patch files generated by patchadd are to be located. -R cannot be specified
with the -S option. See NOTES.
- -S service
- Specifies an alternate service (for example, Solaris_2.3). This service is part of the server and client model, and can only be used from the server's console. Servers can contain shared /usr
file systems that are created by Host Manager. These service areas can then be made available to the clients they serve. -S cannot be specified with the -R option. See NOTES.
- -u
- Turns off file validation. Applies the patch even if some of the files to be patched have been modified since their original installation.
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The following operands are supported:
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patch
- The absolute path name to patch_id. /var/sadm/spool/patch/104945-02 is an example of a patch.
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patch_dir
- The absolute path name to the directory that contains all the spooled patches. /var/sadm/spool/patch is an example of a patch_dir.
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patch_id
- The patch number of a given patch. 104945-02 is an example of a patch_id.
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patch_list
- The name of a file that contains a list of patches to install. patch_list files contain one patch_id on each line.
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The examples in this section are all relative to the /usr/sbin directory. Example 1. Installing a Patch to a Standalone Machine
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The following example installs a patch to a standalone machine:
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example# patchadd /var/spool/patch/104945-02
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Example 2. Installing a Patch to a Client From the Server's Console
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The following example installs a patch to a client from the server's console:
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example# patchadd -R /export/root/client1 /var/spool/patch/104945-02
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Example 3. Installing a Patch to a Service From the Server's Console
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The following example installs a patch to a service from the server's console:
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example# patchadd -S Solaris_2.3 /var/spool/patch/104945-02
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Example 4. Installing Multiple Patches in a Single Invocation of patchadd
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The following example installs multiple patches in a single patchadd invocation:
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example# patchadd -M /var/spool/patch 104945-02 104946-02 102345-02
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Example 5. Installing Multiple Patches Specifying a File with the List of Patches to Install
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The following example installs multiple patches specifying a file with the list of patches to install:
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example# patchadd -M /var/spool/patch patchlist
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Example 6. Installing Multiple Patches to a Client and Saving the Backout Data to a Directory Other Than the Default
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The following example installs multiple patches to a client and saves the backout data to a directory other than the default:
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example# patchadd -M /var/spool/patch -R /export/root/client1
-B /export/backoutrepository 104945-02 104946-02 102345-02
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Example 7. Installing a Patch to a Solaris 2.6 or Compatible Version Net Install Image
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The following example installs a patch to a Solaris 2.6 or compatible version Net Install Image:
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example# patchadd -C /export/Solaris_2.6/Tools/Boot
/var/spool/patch/104945-02
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Example 8. Displaying the Patches Installed on a Client
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The following example displays the patches installed on a client:
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example# patchadd -R /export/root/client1 -p
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The following exit values are returned:
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0
- Successful completion.
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>0
- An error occurred.
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See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
| Availability | SUNWswmt, SUNWcsu |
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The following messages may help in determining some of the most common problems associated with installing a patch.
Patch Installation errors
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- Message
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The prepatch script exited with return code retcode.
patchadd is terminating.
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- The prepatch script supplied with the patch exited with a return code other than 0. Run a script trace of the prepatch script and find out why the prepatch had a bad return code. Add the -x
option to the first line of the prepatch script to fix the problem and run patchadd again.
- Message
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The postpatch script exited with return code retcode.
Backing out patch.
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- The postpatch script provided with the patch exited with an error code other than 0. This script is mostly used to cleanup files (that is, when a package is known to have ownership or permission problems)
attributes that don't correspond to the patch package's objects. After the user has noted all validation errors and taken the appropriate action for each one, the user should re-run patchadd using the -u (unconditional) option. This time, the patch installation will
ignore validation errors and install the patch anyway.
- Message
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Insufficient space in /var/sadm/patch to save old files.
(For 2.4 systems and previous)
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- There is insufficient space in the /var/sadm/patch directory to save old files. The user has three options for handling this problem: Use the -B option while invoking patchadd.
This option will direct patchadd to: save the backout data to the user specified file system, generate additional disk space by deleting unneeded files, or override the saving of the old files by using the -d (do not save) option when running patchadd.
If the user elects not to save the old versions of the files to be patched, patchrm cannot be used. One way to regain space on a system is to remove the save area for previously applied patches. Once the user has decided that it is unlikely that a patch will
be backed out, the user can remove the files that were saved by patchadd. The following commands should be executed to remove the saved files for patchpatch_id:
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cd /var/sadm/patch/patch_id
rm -r save/*
rm .oldfilessaved
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After these commands have been executed, patch patch_idcan no longer be backed out.
- Message
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Insufficient space in /var/sadm/pkg/PKG/save to save old files.
(For 2.5 systems and later)
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- There is insufficient space in the /var/sadm/pkg/PKG/save directory to save old files. The user has three options for handling this problem: (1) Use the -B option while invoking patchadd. This option will direct patchadd to save the backout data to the user specified file system. (See above synopsis) (2) Generate additional disk space by deleting unneeded files, or (3) override the saving of the old files by using the -d (do not save)
option when running patchadd. However if the user elects not to save the old versions of the files to be patched, patchrm cannot be used. One way to regain space on a system is to remove the save area for previously applied patches. Once the user
has decided that it is unlikely that a patch will be backed out, the user can remove the files that were saved by patchadd. The following commands should be executed to remove the saved files for patch patch_id:
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cd /var/sadm/pkg/pkgabbrev/save
rm -r patch_id
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After these commands have been executed, patch patch_id can no longer be backed out.
- Message
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Save of old files failed.
(For 2.4 systems and previous)
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- Before applying the patch, the patch installation script uses cpio to save the old versions of the files to be patched. This error message means that the cpio failed. The output of the cpio would have been preceded this message. The user should take the appropriate action to correct the cpio failure. A common reason for failure will be insufficient disk space to save the old versions of the files. The user has two options for handling insufficient disk space:
(1) generate additional disk space by deleting unneeded files, or (2) override the saving of the old files by using the -d option when running patchadd. However if the user elects not to save the old versions of the files to be patched, the patch cannot
be backed out.
- Message
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Pkgadd of pkgname package failed with error code code.
See /tmp/log.patch_id for reason for failure.
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- The installation of one of the patch packages failed. patchadd will backout the patch to leave the system in its pre-patched state. See the log file for the reason for failure. Correct the problem and reapply
the patch.
- Message
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Pkgadd of pkgname package failed with error code code.
Will not backout patch...patch re-installation.
Warning: The system may be in an unstable state!
See /tmp/log.patch_id for reason for failure.
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- The installation of one of the patch packages failed. patchadd will not backout the patch. You may manually backout the patch using patchrm, then re-apply the entire
patch. Look in the log file for the reason pkgadd failed. Correct the problem and re-apply the patch.
- Message
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patchadd is unable to find the INST_RELEASE file. This file
must be present for patchadd to function correctly.
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- The INST_RELEASE file is missing from the system. This file is created during either initial installation or during an update.
- Message
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A previous installation of patch patch_id was invoked
that saved files that were to be patched. Since files
were saved, you must run this instance of patchadd
without the -d option.
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- If a patch was previously installed without using the -d option, then the re-installation attempt must also be invoked without the -d option. Execute patchadd without the -d option.
- Message
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A previous installation of patch patch_id was invoked
with the -d option. (i.e. Do not save files that would
be patched) Therefore, this invocation of patchadd
must also be run with the -d option.
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- If a patch was previously installed using the -d option, then the re-installation attempt must also be invoked with the-d option. Execute patchadd with the -d'
option.
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Diagnostic Reference
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The patch installation messages listed below are not necessarily considered errors as indicated in the explanations given. These messages are, however, recorded in the patch installation log for diagnostic reference.
- Message
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Package not patched:
PKG=SUNxxxx
Original package not installed
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- One of the components of the patch would have patched a package that is not installed on your system. This is not necessarily an error. A patch may fix a related bug for several packages.
For example, suppose a patch fixes a bug in both the online-backup and fddi packages. If you had online-backup installed but didn't have fddi installed, you would get the message :
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Package not patched:
PKG=SUNWbf
Original package not installed
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This message only indicates an error if you thought the package was installed on your system. If this is the case, take the necessary action to install the package, backout the patch (if it installed other packages) and re-install the patch.
- Message
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Package not patched:
PKG=SUNxxx
ARCH=xxxxxxx
VERSION=xxxxxxx
Architecture mismatch
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- One of the components of the patch would have patched a package for an architecture different from your system. This is not necessarily an error. Any patch to one of the architecture-specific packages might contain one element
for each of the possible architectures. For example, assume you are running on a sun4m. If you were to install a patch to package SUNWcar, you would see the following (or similar) messages:
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Package not patched:
PKG=SUNWcar
ARCH=sparc.sun4c
VERSION=11.5.0,REV=2.0.18
Architecture mismatch
Package not patched:
PKG=SUNWcar
ARCH=sparc.sun4u
VERSION=11.5.0,REV=2.0.18
Architecture mismatch
Package not patched:
PKG=SUNWcar
ARCH=sparc.sun4e
VERSION=11.5.0,REV=2.0.18
Architecture mismatch
Package not patched:
PKG=SUNWcar
ARCH=sparc.sun4
VERSION=11.5.0,REV=2.0.18
Architecture mismatch
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These messages indicate an error condition only if patchadd does not correctly recognize your architecture.
- Message
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Package not patched:
PKG=SUNxxxx
ARCH=xxxx
VERSION=xxxxxxx
Version mismatch
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- The version of software to which the patch is applied is not installed on your system. For example, if you were running Solaris 5.5, and you tried to install a patch against Solaris 5.6, you would see the following (or similar)
message:
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Package not patched:
PKG=SUNWcsu
ARCH=sparc
VERSION=10.0.2
Version mismatch
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This message does not necessarily indicate an error. If the version mismatch was for a package you needed patched, either get the correct patch version or install the correct package version. Then backout the patch (if necessary) and re-apply.
- Message
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
- The patch has already been applied, but there is at least one package in the patch that could be added. For example, if you applied a patch that had both Openwindows and Answerbook components, but your system did not have Answerbook
installed, the Answerbook parts of the patch would not have been applied. If, at a later time, you pkgadd Answerbook, you could re-apply the patch, and the Answerbook components of the patch would be applied to the system.
- Message
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patchadd Interrupted.
patchadd is terminating.
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
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patchadd was interrupted during execution (usually through pressing CTRL-c). patchadd will clean up its working files and exit.
- Message
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patchadd Interrupted.
Backing out Patch...
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- Explanation and Recommended Action
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patchadd was interrupted during execution (usually through pressing CTRL-c). patchadd will clean up its working files, backout the patch, and exit.
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To successfully install a patch to a client or server, patchadd must be issued twice, once with the -R option and once with the -S option. This guarantees that the patch is installed to both the /usr and root
partitions. This is necessary if there are both /usr and root packages in the patch.
pkgadd is invoked by patchadd and executes the installation scripts in the pkg/install directory. The checkinstall script is executed with its ownership set to user install,
if there is no user install then pkgadd executes the checkinstall script as nobody. The SVR4 ABI states that the checkinstall shall only be used as an information gathering script. If the permissions for the checkinstall script are changed to something other than the initial settings, pkgadd may not be able to open the file for reading, thus causing the patch installation to abort with the following error:
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pkgadd: ERROR: checkinstall script did not complete successfully.
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The permission for the checkinstall script should not be changed. Contents of log file for a successfull installation: patchadd redirects pkgadd's output to the patch installation log file. For a successfull installation, pkgadd
will produce the following message that gets inserted into the log file:
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This appears to be an attempt to install the same architecture
and version of a package which is already installed. This
installation will attempt to overwrite this package.
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This message does not indicate a failure, it represents the correct behavior by pkgadd when a patch installs correctly.
On client server machines the patch package is not applied to existing clients or to the client root template space. Therefore, when appropriate, all client machines will need the patch applied directly using this same patchadd method on the client. See
instructions above for applying patches to a client. A bug affecting a package utility (for example, pkgadd, pkgrm, pkgchk) could affect the reliability of patchadd or patchrm which use package utilities to
install and backout the patch package. It is recommended that any patch that fixes package utility problems be reviewed and, if necessary, applied before other patches are applied. Existing patches are:
- Solaris 2.1:
- patch 100901
- Solaris 2.2:
- 101122
- Solaris 2.3:
- 10133
- Solaris 2.4 Sparc Platform Edition:
- 102039
- Solaris 2.4 Intel Platform Edition:
- 102041
- Solaris 2.5.1 Sparc Platform Edition:
- 104578
- Solaris 2.51 Intel Platform Edition:
- 104579
- Solaris 2.6 Sparc Platform Edition:
- 106292
- Solaris 2.6 Intel Platform Edition:
- 106293
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