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| System Administration Commands | vmstat(1M) |
| | vmstat - report virtual memory statistics |
SYNOPSIS
| | vmstat [-cipsS] [disks] [ interval [count] ] |
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vmstat reports virtual memory statistics regarding kernel thread, virtual memory, disk, trap, and CPU activity.
On MP (multi-processor) systems, vmstat averages the number of CPUs into the output. For per-processor statistics, see mpstat(1M).
vmstat only supports statistics for certain devices. For more general system statistics, use sar(1), iostat(1M), or sar(1M).
Without options, vmstat displays a one-line summary of the virtual memory activity since the system was booted.
During execution of this kernel status command, the "state" of the kernel can change. An example would be CPUs going online or offline. vmstat will report this as <<State change>>.
See System Administration Guide: Advanced Administration for device naming conventions for disks.
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The following options are supported:
- -c
- Report cache flushing statistics. By default, report the total number of each kind of cache flushed since boot time. The types are: user, context, region, segment, page, and partial-page.
- -i
- Report the number of interrupts per device. count and interval does not apply to the -i option.
- -p
- Report paging activity in details. This option will display the following, respectively:
- epi
- Executable page-ins.
- epo
- Executable page-outs.
- epf
- Executable page-frees.
- api
- Anonymous page-ins.
- apo
- Anonymous page-outs.
- apf
- Anonymous page-frees.
- fpi
- File system page-ins.
- fpo
- File system page-outs.
- fpf
- File system page-frees.
- -s
- Display the total number of various system events since boot. count and interval does not apply to the -s option.
- -S
- Report on swapping rather than paging activity. This option will change two fields in vmstat's ``paging'' display: rather than the ``re'' and ``mf'' fields, vmstat will report ``si'' (swap-ins) and ``so''
(swap-outs).
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The following operands are supported:
-
count
- Specifies the number of times that the statitics are repeated. count does not apply to the -i and -s options.
-
disks
- Specifies which disks are to be given priority in the output (only four disks fit on a line). Common disk names are id, sd, xd, or xy, followed by a number
(for example, sd2, xd0, and so forth).
-
interval
- Specifies the last number of seconds over which vmstat summarizes activity. This number of seconds repeats forever. interval does not apply to the -i and -s options.
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| | Example 1. Using vmstat
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The following command displays a summary of what the system is doing every five seconds.
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example% vmstat 5
kthr memory page disk faults cpu
r b w swap free re mf pi p fr de sr s0 s1 s2 s3 in sy cs us sy id
0 0 0 11456 4120 1 41 19 1 3 0 2 0 4 0 0 48 112 130 4 14 82
0 0 1 10132 4280 0 4 44 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 211 230 144 3 35 62
0 0 1 10132 4616 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 150 172 146 3 33 64
0 0 1 10132 5292 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 165 105 130 1 21 78
1 1 1 10132 5496 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 183 92 134 1 20 79
1 0 1 10132 5564 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 131 231 116 4 34 62
1 0 1 10124 5412 0 0 37 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 0 166 179 118 1 33 67
1 0 1 10124 5236 0 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 109 243 113 4 56 39
^C
example%
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The fields of vmstat's display are
-
kthr
- Report the number of kernel threads in each of the three following states:
-
r
- in run queue
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b
- blocked for resources I/O, paging, and so forth
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w
- swapped
-
memory
- Report on usage of virtual and real memory.
-
swap
- amount of swap space currently available (Kbytes)
-
free
- size of the free list (Kbytes)
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page
- Report information about page faults and paging activity. The information on each of the following activities is given in units per second.
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re
- page reclaims -- but see the -S option for how this field is modified.
-
mf
- minor faults -- but see the -S option for how this field is modified.
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pi
- kilobytes paged in
-
po
- kilobytes paged out
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fr
- kilobytes freed
-
de
- anticipated short-term memory shortfall (Kbytes)
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sr
- pages scanned by clock algorithm
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disk
- Report the number of disk operations per second. There are slots for up to four disks, labeled with a single letter and number. The letter indicates the type of disk (s = SCSI, i = IPI, and so forth); the number is the logical unit number.
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faults
- Report the trap/interrupt rates (per second).
-
in
- interrupts
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sy
- system calls
-
cs
-
CPU context switches
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cpu
- Give a breakdown of percentage usage of CPU time. On MP systems, this is an average across all processors.
-
us
- user time
-
sy
- system time
-
id
- idle time
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See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
| Availability | SUNWcsu |
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The sum of CPU utilization might vary slightly from 100
because of rounding errors in the production of a percentage figure.
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