The getuid() function returns the real user ID of the calling process. The real user ID identifies the person who
is logged in.
The geteuid() function returns the effective user ID of the calling process. The effective user ID gives the process
various permissions during execution of "set-user-ID" mode processes which use getuid() to determine the real user ID of the process that
invoked them.
The getgid() function returns the real group ID of the calling process.
The getegid() function returns the effective group ID of the calling process.
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