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The wcstol() and wstol() functions convert the initial portion of the wide character string pointed to by nptr to long int
representation. They first decompose the input wide character string into three parts: an initial, possibly empty, sequence of white-space wide-character codes (as specified by iswspace(3C)), a subject sequence interpreted as an integer represented in some radix determined by the value of base; and a final wide character string of one or more unrecognised wide character codes, including the terminating null wide-character code of the input wide character string. They then attempt
to convert the subject sequence to an integer, and return the result.
If the value of base is 0, the expected form of the subject sequence is that of a decimal constant, octal constant or hexadecimal constant, any of which may
be preceded by a `+' or `-' sign. A decimal constant begins with a non-zero digit, and consists of a sequence of decimal digits. An octal constant consists of the prefix `0' optionally followed by
a sequence of the digits `0' to `7' only. A hexadecimal constant consists of the prefix `0x' or `0X' followed by a sequence of the decimal digits and letters `a' (or `A') to `f' (or `F') with values 10
to 15 respectively.
If the value of base is between 2 and 36, the expected form of the subject sequence is a sequence of letters and digits representing an
integer with the radix specified by base, optionally preceded by a `+' or `-' sign, but not including an integer suffix. The letters from `a' (or `A') to `z' (or `Z') inclusive
are ascribed the values 10 to 35; only letters whose ascribed values are less than that of base are permitted. If the value of base is 16,
the wide-character code representations of `0x' or `0X' may optionally precede the sequence of letters and digits, following the sign if present.
The subject sequence is defined as the longest initial subsequence of the input wide character string, starting with the first non-white-space wide-character code, that is of the expected form. The
subject sequence contains no wide-character codes if the input wide character string is empty or consists entirely of white-space wide-character code, or if the first non-white-space wide-character code
is other than a sign or a permissible letter or digit.
If the subject sequence has the expected form and the value of base is 0, the sequence of wide-character codes starting with the first digit is interpreted
as an integer constant. If the subject sequence has the expected form and the value of base is between 2 and 36, it is used as the base for conversion,
ascribing to each letter its value as given above. If the subject sequence begins with a minus sign (-), the value resulting from the conversion is negated. A pointer to the final wide character string
is stored in the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
In other than the POSIX locale, additional implementation-dependent subject sequence forms may be accepted.
If the subject sequence is empty or does not have the expected form, no conversion is performed; the value of nptr is stored in the object pointed to by endptr,
provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
The watol() function is equivalent to wstol(str, (wchar_t **)NULL, 10).
The watoll() function is the long-long (double long) version of watol().
The watoi() function is equivalent to (int)watol().
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