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This function is used to send either normal or expedited data. The argument fd identifies the local transport endpoint over which data should be sent, iov points to an array of buffer address/buffer length pairs. t_sndv()
sends data contained in buffers iov0 , iov1 , through iov [iovcount-1]. iovcount
contains the number of non-contiguous data buffers which is limited to T_IOV_MAX, an implementation-defined value of at least 16. If the limit is exceeded, the function fails with TBADDATA.
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iov(0).iov_len + . . + iov(iovcount-1).iov_len)
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Note that the limit on the total number of bytes available in all buffers passed:
may be constrained by implementation limits. If no other constraint applies, it will be limited by INT_MAX. In practice, the availability of memory to an application is likely to impose a lower limit on the amount of data that can be sent or received using scatter/gather functions.
The argument flags specifies any optional flags described below:
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T_EXPEDITED
- If set in flags, the data will be sent as expedited data and will be subject to the interpretations of the transport provider.
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T_MORE
- If set in flags, this indicates to the transport provider that the transport service data unit (TSDU) (or expedited transport service data unit - ETSDU) is being sent through multiple
t_sndv() calls. Each t_sndv() with the T_MORE flag set indicates that another t_sndv() or t_snd(3NSL)
will follow with more data for the current TSDU (or ETSDU).
The end of the TSDU (or ETSDU) is identified by a t_sndv() call with the T_MORE flag not set. Use of T_MORE enables a user to break up large logical data units without losing
the boundaries of those units at the other end of the connection. The flag implies nothing about how the data is packaged for transfer below the transport interface. If the transport provider does not support the concept of a TSDU as indicated in the info argument on return
from t_open(3NSL) or t_getinfo(3NSL), the T_MORE flag is not meaningful and will be ignored if set.
The sending of a zero-length fragment of a TSDU or ETSDU is only permitted where this is used to indicate the end of a TSDU or ETSDU, that is, when the T_MORE flag is not set. Some transport providers also forbid zero-length TSDUs and ETSDUs.
If set in flags, requests that the provider transmit all data that it has accumulated but not sent. The request is a local action on the provider and does not affect any similarly named protocol flag (for example, the TCP PUSH flag). This effect of setting this flag is
protocol-dependent, and it may be ignored entirely by transport providers which do not support the use of this feature.
The communications provider is free to collect data in a send buffer until it accumulates a sufficient amount for transmission.
By default, t_sndv() operates in synchronous mode and may wait if flow control restrictions prevent the data from being accepted by the local transport provider at the time the call is made. However, if O_NONBLOCK is set by means of
t_open(3NSL) or fcntl(2), t_sndv()
executes in asynchronous mode, and will fail immediately if there are flow control restrictions. The process can arrange to be informed when the flow control restrictions are cleared via either t_look(3NSL) or the EM interface.
On successful completion, t_sndv() returns the number of bytes accepted by the transport provider. Normally this will equal the total number of bytes to be sent, that is,
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(iov0.iov_len + .. + iov[iovcount-1].iov_len)
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However, the interface is constrained to send at most INT_MAX bytes in a single send. When t_sndv() has submitted INT_MAX (or lower constrained value, see the note above) bytes to the provider
for a single call, this value is returned to the user. However, if O_NONBLOCK is set or the function is interrupted by a signal, it is possible that only part of the data has actually been accepted by the communications provider. In this case, t_sndv() returns a value that is less than the value of nbytes. If t_sndv() is interrupted by a signal before it could transfer data to the communications provider, it returns -1 with t_errno set to TSYSERR and errno set to EINTR.
If the number of bytes of data in the iov array is zero and sending of zero octets is not supported by the underlying transport service, t_sndv() returns -1 with t_errno set to TBADDATA.
The size of each TSDU or ETSDU must not exceed the limits of the transport provider as specified by the current values in the TSDU or ETSDU fields in the info argument returned by t_getinfo(3NSL).
The error TLOOK is returned for asynchronous events. It is required only for an incoming disconnect event but may be returned for other events.
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