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The sem_open() function establishes a connection between a named semaphore and a process (or LWP or thread). Following a call to sem_open() with semaphore name name, the process may reference the semaphore associated with name using the address returned from the call. This semaphore may be used in subsequent calls to sem_wait(3RT), sem_trywait(3RT), sem_post(3RT), and sem_close(3RT). The semaphore remains usable by this process until the semaphore is closed by a successful call to sem_close(3RT), _exit(2), or one of the exec functions.
The oflag argument controls whether the semaphore is created or merely accessed by the call to sem_open(). The following flag bits may be set in oflag:
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O_CREAT
- This flag is used to create a semaphore if it does not already exist.
If O_CREAT is set and the semaphore already exists, then O_CREAT has no effect, except as noted under O_EXCL. Otherwise, sem_open() creates a named semaphore. The O_CREAT flag requires a third and a fourth argument: mode, which is of type mode_t, and value, which is of type unsigned int. The semaphore is created with an initial value of value. Valid initial values for semaphores are less than or equal to SEM_VALUE_MAX.
The user ID of the semaphore is set to the effective user ID of the process; the group ID of the
semaphore is set to a system default group ID or to the effective group ID of the process. The permission bits of the semaphore are set
to the value of the mode argument except those set in the file mode creation mask of the process (see umask(2)). When bits in mode other than the file permission bits are specified, the effect is unspecified.
After the semaphore named name has been created by sem_open() with the O_CREAT flag, other processes can connect
to the semaphore by calling sem_open() with the same value of name.
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O_EXCL
- If O_EXCL and O_CREAT
are set, sem_open() fails if the semaphore name exists. The check for the existence of the semaphore and the creation of the semaphore if it does not exist
are atomic with respect to other processes executing sem_open() with O_EXCL and O_CREAT set. If O_EXCL is set and O_CREAT is not set, the effect is undefined.
If flags other than O_CREAT and O_EXCL are specified in the oflag parameter, the effect
is unspecified.
The name argument points to a string naming a semaphore object. It is unspecified whether the name appears in the file system and is visible to functions that take pathnames
as arguments. The name argument conforms to the construction rules for a pathname. The first character of name must be a slash (/) character and the
remaining characters of name cannot include any slash characters. For maximum portability, name should include no more than 14 characters, but this
limit is not enforced.
If a process makes multiple successful calls to sem_open() with the same value for name, the same semaphore address is returned for each such successful
call, provided that there have been no calls to sem_unlink(3RT) for this semaphore.
References to copies of the semaphore produce undefined results.
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